에볼루션 바카라의 강력한 제트기는 드문 감마선 폭발

요약 텍스트
The international multi-instrument Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration (EHT) reveals new observations of a spectacular gamma-ray flare from the powerful relativistic jet emanating from the center of the 에볼루션 바카라 galaxy at multiple wavelengths, potentially leading to a better understanding of how and where particles are accelerated in these kinds of jets.

전체 텍스트
Also known as Virgo A or NGC 4486, 에볼루션 바카라 is the brightest object in the Virgo cluster of galaxies, the largest gravitationally bound type of structure in the universe. It came to fame in April 2019 after scientists from EHT released the first image of a black hole in its center. Led by the EHT multi wavelength working group, a study published in Astronomy and Astrophysics Journal presents the data from the second EHT observational campaign conducted in April 2018, involving over 25 terrestrial and orbital telescopes. The authors report the first observation of a high-energy gamma-ray flare in over a decade from the supermassive black hole 에볼루션 바카라, based on nearly simultaneous spectra of the galaxy spanning the broadest wavelength range ever collected.

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The energetic flare, which lasted approximately three days and suggests an emission region of less than three light-days in size (~170 AU, where 1 Astronomical Unit is the distance 에볼루션 바카라 the Sun to Earth), revealed a bright burst of high-energy emission—well above the energies typically detected by radio telescopes 에볼루션 바카라 the black hole region.

"The activity of this supermassive black hole is highly unpredictable – It is hard to forecast when a flare will occur. The contrasting data obtained in 2017 and 2018, representing its quiescent and active phases respectively, provide crucial insights into unraveling the activity cycle of this enigmatic black hole." says Kazuhiro Hada at 에볼루션 바카라 City University, who led radio observations and analysis of the multi-wavelength campaign.

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The second EHT and multi-wavelength campaign in 2018 leveraged more than two dozen high-profile observational facilities, including NASA’s Fermi-LAT, HST, NuSTAR, Chandra, and Swift telescopes, together with the world’s three largest Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope arrays (H.E.S.S., MAGIC and VERITAS). These observatories are sensitive to X-ray photons as well as high-energy very-high-energy (VHE) 에볼루션 바카라s, respectively. During the campaign, the LAT instrument aboard the Fermi space observatory detected an increase in high-energy 에볼루션 바카라 flux with energies up to billions of times greater than visible light. Chandra and NuSTAR then collected high-quality data in the X-ray band. The East Asian VLBI Network (EAVN) radio observations show an apparent annual change in the jet's position angle within a few microseconds of arc from the galaxy's core.

"By combining the information about the change in the jet direction, the brightness distribution of the ring observed by the EHT and the 에볼루션 바카라 activity, we can better understand the mechanisms behind the production of the very-high-energy radiation." says Motoki Kino at Kogakuin University, a coordinator of the EAVN observations during the campaign.

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“How and where particles are accelerated in supermassive black hole jets is a longstanding mystery. For the first time, we can combine direct imaging of the near event horizon regions during 에볼루션 바카라 flares from particle acceleration events and test theories about the flare origins,” says Sera Markoff, a professor at the University of Amsterdam and co-author of the study.

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참조
Journal：Astronomy and Astrophysics
DOI：https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202450497

저자
Kazuhiro Hada